EMA (ค่าเฉลี่ยเคลื่อนที่แบบเอ็กซ์โพเนนเชียล)
EMA is a moving average that gives more weight to recent prices, so the line reacts faster to new price changes than a simple moving average.
EMA stands for Exponential Moving Average. It is a line drawn on a price chart that shows the average price over a chosen number of candles, for example 20 or 50. Unlike a Simple Moving Average (SMA), which treats every price in the period equally, the EMA gives more weight to the newest prices. Because of this, it turns sooner when the market changes direction.
Each new EMA value is calculated from the previous EMA and the latest closing price:
New EMA = (Close − Previous EMA) × Multiplier + Previous EMA
The multiplier is 2 ÷ (period + 1).
Small example
Take a 5-period EMA. The multiplier is 2 ÷ 6 = 1/3. Suppose the previous EMA is 100 and the new candle closes at 106.
New EMA = (106 − 100) × 1/3 + 100 = 2 + 100 = 102
The price jumped 6 points, but the EMA moved only 2. It follows price, but smoothly.
Why it matters
Traders use EMA lines to see the general direction of the market and to compare price with its recent average. A shorter period (such as 10) follows price closely. A longer period (such as 200) is smoother and slower.
Common beginner mistake
The EMA is a lagging indicator, because it is built from past prices. It does not predict the future. Beginners often treat a price touching or crossing an EMA as a guaranteed signal. Shorter EMAs also produce more false signals in sideways markets. It is best used as a helpful reference together with other tools, not on its own.