Economic calendar
Times follow your own time zone automatically (change it below). Tap an event to see what it is, why it matters and how markets usually react.
Monday 2 November 2026
EUR German Retail Sales m/m Forecast 0.4%Previous 1.3%
Forecast0.4%Previous1.3%
- What it is
- The month-on-month change in retail sales in Germany, published by the Federal Statistical Office (Destatis).
- Why it matters
- Consumer spending is a major part of the economy, and Germany is the largest economy in the eurozone. The impact is usually low to moderate, and the data is often volatile and revised later.
- Usual market reaction
- Prices tend to react to the actual figure compared with the forecast. Higher-than-forecast retail sales usually support the euro (EUR) because they point to solid consumer spending, while lower-than-forecast sales tend to weigh on it. Traders often read it alongside inflation data and ECB comments.
CHF Swiss Retail Sales y/yRetail Sales y/y Forecast 3.0%Previous 3.2%
Forecast3.0%Previous3.2%
- What it is
- The change in retail sales in Switzerland compared with the same period a year earlier, published by the Swiss Federal Statistical Office (FSO).
- Why it matters
- It shows how strong domestic consumer spending is, which ties into growth and inflation. The impact on markets is usually fairly small.
- Usual market reaction
- Prices tend to react to the actual figure compared with the forecast. A higher-than-forecast result usually gives slight support to the Swiss franc (CHF), as it points to a healthy domestic economy, while a lower result tends to weigh on it. The franc is often driven more by global risk sentiment and Swiss National Bank signals.
EUR Spanish Manufacturing PMI Forecast 50.4Previous 51.0
Forecast50.4Previous51.0
- What it is
- A monthly survey of purchasing managers at Spanish factories, published by S&P Global. A reading above 50 suggests the manufacturing sector is expanding, while below 50 suggests it is contracting.
- Why it matters
- It comes out soon after the month ends, giving an early look at eurozone economic health, with Spain being one of the bloc's larger economies. Its market impact is usually moderate and smaller than the overall eurozone PMI.
- Usual market reaction
- Prices react to the actual figure compared with the forecast. A higher-than-forecast result usually supports the euro (EUR), while a lower one tends to weigh on it. Moves are often modest unless the surprise is large or matches the picture in other eurozone PMIs.
CHF Swiss Manufacturing PMIManufacturing PMI Forecast 55.3Previous 55.3
Forecast55.3Previous55.3
- What it is
- A monthly survey of purchasing managers in Switzerland's manufacturing sector, published by procure.ch. A reading above 50 suggests expansion, while below 50 suggests contraction.
- Why it matters
- It helps gauge the health of Swiss industry, which relies heavily on exports. It is generally of moderate importance.
- Usual market reaction
- Prices react to the actual figure compared with the forecast. A higher-than-forecast result usually supports the Swiss franc (CHF), while a lower one tends to weigh on it. However, the franc is often seen as a safe haven, so it may respond more to global risk mood than to this release alone.
EUR Italian Manufacturing PMI Forecast 49.9Previous 50.4
Forecast49.9Previous50.4
- What it is
- A monthly survey of purchasing managers at Italian factories, published by S&P Global. A reading above 50 suggests expansion, while below 50 suggests contraction.
- Why it matters
- Italy is one of the eurozone's largest economies with a significant industrial sector, so the figure gives an early read on eurozone manufacturing. Its market impact is usually moderate.
- Usual market reaction
- Prices react to the actual figure compared with the forecast. A higher-than-forecast result usually supports the euro (EUR), while a lower one tends to weigh on it. Traders often pay more attention to the overall eurozone PMI, so single-country figures tend to cause only small moves.
EUR French Final Manufacturing PMI Forecast 49.3Previous 49.3
Forecast49.3Previous49.3
- What it is
- The final reading of France's manufacturing PMI, published by S&P Global. It updates the earlier flash estimate once more survey responses have been collected. Above 50 suggests expansion, while below 50 suggests contraction.
- Why it matters
- France is one of the eurozone's largest economies, but because the flash estimate is already known, the final reading is usually of fairly low importance.
- Usual market reaction
- Prices react to the actual figure compared with the forecast, which is usually set close to the flash number. A higher-than-forecast result usually supports the euro (EUR), while a lower one tends to weigh on it. Revisions are often small, so moves tend to be limited unless the final figure differs clearly from the flash.
EUR German Final Manufacturing PMI Forecast 54.2Previous 54.2
Forecast54.2Previous54.2
- What it is
- A survey-based index of conditions in Germany's factory sector, compiled by S&P Global from purchasing managers at manufacturers. The final reading revises the earlier flash estimate.
- Why it matters
- A reading above 50 signals the manufacturing sector is expanding, and below 50 signals contraction. Germany is the eurozone's largest economy, so traders use it to gauge European growth. It is usually of medium importance.
- Usual market reaction
- Prices usually react to the actual figure compared with the forecast. A higher-than-forecast result tends to support the euro, while a lower one tends to weigh on it. Final readings are often close to the flash estimate, so moves are often small unless the revision is notable.
EUR Eurozone Final Manufacturing PMIFinal Manufacturing PMI Forecast 52.4Previous 52.4
Forecast52.4Previous52.4
- What it is
- A survey-based index of factory-sector conditions across the whole eurozone, compiled by S&P Global from purchasing managers at manufacturers. The final reading revises the earlier flash estimate.
- Why it matters
- It is an early signal of the health of the European economy. A reading above 50 means expansion and below 50 means contraction. It is usually of medium importance for the euro.
- Usual market reaction
- Prices usually react to the actual figure compared with the forecast. A higher-than-forecast result tends to support the euro, while a lower one tends to weigh on it, as it may suggest the economy is stronger or weaker than expected. Final numbers are often close to the flash estimate, so the impact is often limited.
GBP UK Final Manufacturing PMIFinal Manufacturing PMI Forecast 52.8Previous 52.8
Forecast52.8Previous52.8
- What it is
- A survey-based index of factory-sector conditions in the United Kingdom, compiled by S&P Global from purchasing managers at manufacturers. The final reading revises the earlier flash estimate.
- Why it matters
- It shows whether UK manufacturing is expanding or contracting, with 50 as the dividing line. The Bank of England may take the broader economic picture into account when thinking about interest rates, so it is usually of medium importance for the pound.
- Usual market reaction
- Prices usually react to the actual figure compared with the forecast. A higher-than-forecast result tends to support the pound, while a lower one tends to weigh on it. Final readings are often close to the flash estimate, so reactions are often modest unless the revision is large.
EUR Bundesbank President Nagel SpeaksGerman Buba President Nagel Speaks
- What it is
- Joachim Nagel, president of Germany's central bank (the Bundesbank), speaks publicly. He is also a member of the ECB Governing Council, which sets interest rate policy for the eurozone.
- Why it matters
- Traders listen for hints about the future direction of ECB interest rates. The importance depends on what is said, and it is often greater when an ECB meeting is near.
- Usual market reaction
- Hawkish comments, such as worry about inflation or support for keeping rates high, tend to support the euro. Dovish comments, such as openness to rate cuts, tend to weigh on it. Markets often care more about a change in tone than about repeated views.
Calendar data from Forex Factory. Explanations are written by AI for education, not investment advice.